Особливості булінгу серед підлітків в Україні після повномасштабного російського вторгнення
Анотація
У статті представлено результати всеукраїнського дослідження «Булінг і толерантність у закладах освіти після 24 лютого 2022 року», проведеного в листопаді 2023- січні 2024 року. Дослідження мало на меті виявити розповсюдженість булінгу серед учнів середньої школи (5-9 класи), його найпоширеніші види та приводи. Крім того, дослідження визначило патерни пошуку підтримки підлітками, які зазнають булінгу, та шляхи реагування школи на ці звернення. Найпоширеніші відповіді шкіл містили спілкування з кривдником або мішенню та залучення батьків кривдника. Поліція втручалася у 3,9 % випадків. Слід зазначити, що деякі особливості булінгу в українських школах з'явилися вже після повномасштабного російського вторгнення, зокрема підвищений рівень булінгу в Києві та нові приводи, такі як статус біженця. Загальна поширеність булінгу з початку вторгнення становить 24,7 %. Серед учнів, які зазнали булінгу, 59,4 % зверталися по допомогу до когось, з них 52,2 % отримали допомогу. Зовнішній вигляд, поведінка та світогляд були найпоширенішими приводами для булінгу. За мовною ознакою частіше зазнають цькування через російську мову ті, хто проживає за кордоном і переїхав туди з Харківської, Херсонської, Луганської, Київської областей та м. Києва, а також ті, хто проживає у Львівській області та м. Києві і переїхав туди з Херсонської та Донецької областей. Серед українських підлітків найрозповсюдженішим типом булінгу є реляційний булінг, зокрема поширення чуток та перешкоджання дружбі. Результати дослідження можуть бути використані для більш ефективних програм протидії булінгу в навчальних закладах
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