Technology to overcome the of alienation of military actions participants
Анотація
There are analyzed the peculiarities of alienation experience of military operations participants in the process of their readaptation to a peaceful life. There are defined the ways of alienation overcoming as certain therapeutic influences aimed at restoring dialogue with the world, life, personality, and sense. It is shown that the reasons for alienation emergence of the participants of the military operation lie in the blocked fundamental capabilities such as 1) finding an inner strength of entity 2) experiencing the value of life 3) being authentic 4) setting goals and realizing the sense. There are defined the effectiveness criteria for using technologies to overcome alienation: increasing the level of trust in the world, and satisfaction with own lives; activating the search for new senses; achievement of internal agreement with oneself; disclosure of opportunities for the realization of updated values in the future. It is shown that for the implementation of technology which helps to start the dialogue with the world it is expedient to use the technique of unbearable and painful existence acceptance. As the resources which provide psychological support, there are defined the space, the protection, and the resistance. It is discovered that the technology of restoring the dialogue with life becomes effective due to the usage of the technique of own position finding. Among the resources which facilitate technology’s implementation the most effective ones are relationships with people, time, and proximity. It is shown that the restoring dialogue with ownself technology’s implementation requires effective work aimed to strengthen the internal structure of a soldier’s personality, to increase his authenticity level, and to deepen self-worth experience. It is proved that the main resources for self-worth increasing are fair attitude, respectful attention from others, recognition of the value of a soldier’s personality. It is noted that the restoring dialogue with sense technology involves the usage of the technique of search for the sense of life; its resources are the structural interconnections, the field of real opportunities, the realization of future values.
Використані джерела
[1] Kokun, O. M., Agaiev, N. A., Pishko, I. O., & Lozinskaia, N. S. (2015). Osnovy psykholohichnoi dopomohy viiskovosluzhbovtsiam v umovakh boiovykh dii. Metodychnyi posibnyk [Fundamentals of psychological assistance to servicemen in combat situations: methodical manual]. Кyiv (ukr).
[2] Sapogova, Ye. Ye. (2016). Psikhologicheskaya pomoshch vzroslym v liminalnykh periodakh [Psychological assistance to adults in the liminal periods]. Razvitiye lichnosti, 2, 134–156 (rus).
[3] Tulchinskiy, G. L. (2003). Liminalnost [Liminality]. In G. L. Tulchinskiy, & M. N. Epshtein (Eds.), Proektivnyy filosofskiy slovar: Novyye terminy i ponyatiya (pp. 187–275). St. Petersburg: Aleteya (rus).
[4] Osin, Je. N., Leontyev, D. A. (2007). Smysloutrata i otchuzhdeniye [Negativism and disengagement]. Kulturno-istoricheskaya psikhologiya, 4, 68–77 (rus).
[5] Maddi, S. (2005). Smysloobrazovaniye v protsessakh prinyatiya resheniya [Sensemaking in decision-making processes]. Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal, 26 (6), 87–101 (rus).
[6] Ivaniuk, M. O. (2017). Noohenna osnova subiektyvnoho vidchuzhennia uchasnykiv boiovykh dii ATO [The Noogenic Basis of ATO Participants' Subjective Disengagement]. Problemy politychnoi psykholohii, 6 (20), 142–151 (ukr).
[7] Tytarenko, T. M. (2018). Dorozhnia karta sotsіalno-psykholohіchnoi reabіlіtatsіi osobystostі, scho postrazhdala vіd voiennoi travmatyzatsіi [Road map of social and psychological rehabilitation of the person who suffered from military traumatism]. In L. A. Naydonova, O. L. Voznesenska, & V. V. Savinov (Eds.), Robota z travmamy vіiny. Ukrainskyi dosvіd. Materials of the First AllUkrainian Scientific and Political Conference (Kyiv, March 28–31) (pp. 118– 121). Kyiv: Zolotі vorota (ukr).
[8] Lengle, A. (2009). Fundamentalnyye motivatsii ekzistentsii kak deystvennaya stryktyra ekzistentsialno-analiticheskoy terapii [Fundamental motivations of existences as an effective structure of existential-analytic therapy]. Ekzistentsialnyy analiz, 1, 9–30 (rus).
[9] Zinovyeva, D. M. (2005). Psikhologiya otchuzhdeniya [Psychology of disengagement: monography]. Volgograd (rus).
[10] Leontyev, D. A. (2003). Psikhologiya smysla: priroda, stroyeniye i dinamika smyslovoy realnosti [Psychology of meaning: nature, structure and dynamics of the semantic reality]. 2 nd edition. Moscow: Smysl (rus).
[11] Osin, Je. N. (2007). Smysloutrata kak perezhivaniye otchuzhdeniya: stryktyra i diagnostika [Negativism as an experience of disengagement: structure and diagnostics]. Abstract of Thesis Doctor of Psychological Sciences. Moscow (rus).
[12] Chyksentmikhayi, M. (2013). Potok: Psikhologiya optimalnogo perezhivaniya [Stream: Psychology of Optimal Exercise]. Moscow: Alpina Non-fikshn (rus).
[13] Shadrin, N. S. (2010). O paradigmakh analiza fenomena otchuzhdeniya v sovremennoy psikhologii [Paradigms of the analysis of the disengagement phenomena in modern psychology]. Metodologiya i istoriya psikhologii, Vol. 5, № 3, pp. 141–153 (rus).