Psychological means for improving the community’s adaptability to the consequences of the armed conflict
Abstract
According to the generalized and systematized results of a theoretical and empirical study of the psychological strategies of community adaptation in the process of public health’s strengthening, it is presented the organization of a study on the development and testing the psychological tools for increasing the community’s adaptability to the conditions and consequences of armed conflict. The theoretical foundations of the development of psychological means of adaptation are grounded, as well as the necessity of their application in order to increase the community’s adaptability to the consequences of armed conflict, to strengthen both individual and public health. The socio-psychological model for strengthening the public health (as a condition of community’s adaptation to crisis conditions of life) is presented. The model focuses on: the promotion of communication aimed to improve health awareness, to increase health responsibility, and to gain competence in health preservation; the enhancement of the sense of coherence and the promotion of psychological resilience (as an ability to live a full and productive life despite different constraints); the increasing of the ability to use a stressful situation as an opportunity for further development (post-traumatic growth); the strengthening of reflexive processes and increasing the readiness for change; the activation of individual and collective resources to cope the outcomes of an armed conflict. It is disclosed the content of the elaborated program of sociopsychological work aimed to raise the level of cognitive, emotional and behavioral competence (in particular – among the representatives of the pedagogical community), aiming to activate the adaptability resources and health promotion as a form of adaptation to difficult life conditions. It is analyzed the approbation of psychological means, which showed the possibility and the prospectivity of negative consequences’ preventing in an armed conflict by improving the sense of connectivity (as an ability to control health and well-being); the self-efficacy (as the basis of human subjectivity); the individual and collective reflexivity about the importance and opportunities for intensifying of individual and collective efforts to improve adaptability and to overcome the negative socio-psychological consequences of armed conflict
References
[1] Antonovsky, A. (1996). The salutogenic model as a theory to guide health promotion. Health Promotion International, 11 (1), 11–18. (in English)
[2] Antonovsky, A. (1984). The Sense of Coherence as a Determinant of Health. Advances, Institute for Advancement of Health, 1 (3), 37–50. (in English)
[3] Bandura, A. (2000). Teoriya sotsialnogo naucheniya [Theory of social study]. St. Petersburg: Evraziya Publ. (in Russian)
[4] Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, Trauma, and Human Resilience: Have We Underestimated the Human Capacity to Thrive After Aversive Events? American Psychologist, 59 (1), 20–28. (in English)
[5] Grant, A. M. (2001). Rethinking psychological mindedness: metacognition, self-reflection, and insight. Behaviour Change, 18, 8–17. (in English)
[6] Joseph, S., & Linley, P. A. (2006). Positive psychology versus the medical model? American Psychologist. 61 (4), 332–333. (in English)
[7] Karpov, A. V., & Skityayeva, I. M. (2005). Psikhologiya metakognitivnykh protsessov lichnosti [Psychology of metacognitive processes of personality]. Moscow: Institut psikhologii RAN. (in Russian)
[8] Klymchuk, V. O. (2016). Posttravmatychne zrostannia ta yak mozhna yomu spryiaty u psykhoterapii [Posttraumatic growth and ways of facilitating it in psychotherapy]. Nauka i osvita [Science and education], 5 (16), 46– 52. (in Ukrainian)
[9] Korobka, L. M. (2018). Psykholohichni stratehii yak zasoby realizatsii indyvidualnoi ta kolektyvnoi adaptatsii do naslidkiv voiennoho konfliktu [Psychological strategies as means of implementation of individual and collective adaptation to the consequences of armed conflict]. Naukovistudii izsotsialnoi ta politychnoi psykholohiiNAPN Ukrainy, 41 (44), 46–56. (in Ukrainian)
[10] Kryvokon, N. I. (2015). Sotsialno-psykholohichna pidtrymka yak chynnyk podolannia skrutnykh zhyttievykh sytuatsii [Social and psychological support as a factor in overcoming difficult life situations]. Problemy suchasnoi psykholohii: zbirnyk naukovykh prats K-PNU imeni Ivana Ohiienka, Instytutu psykholohii imeni H. S. Kostiuka NAPN Ukrainy, (29), 319–328. (in Ukrainian)
[11] Naydonova, L. A. (2015). Intehratsiia vitchyznianoi psykholohichnoi nauky i praktyky psykholohichnoi reabilitatsii viiskovykh: pro rozvytok refleksyvnykh vlastyvostei psykholohichnoi spilnoty [Integration of the domestic psychological science and the practice of psychological rehabilitation of the military: the development of reflexive properties of the psychological community] Aktualni problemy sotsiolohii, psykholohii, pedahohiky, 4 (29), 106–111. (in Ukrainian)
[12] Norris, F. H., Stevens, S. P., & Pfefferbaum, B. (2008). Community Resilience as a Metaphor, Theory, Set of Capacities, and Strategy for Disaster Readiness. American Journal of Community Psychology, 41 (1-2), 131–134. (in English)
[13] Tedeschi, R. G., & Calhoun, L. G. (2004). Posttraumatic growth: conceptual foundations and empirical evidence. Psychological Inquiry, 15 (1), 1–18. (in English)
[14] Zhuravlev, A. L. (2009). Kollektivnyy subyekt: osnovnyye priznaki, urovni i psikhologicheskiye tipy [Collective subject: main features, levels and psychological types]. Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal, 5 (30), 72–80. (in Russian)
[15] Zhuravlev, A. L., & Nestik, T. A. (2012). Hruppovaya refleksivnost: osnovnyye podkhody i perspektivy issledovaniy [Group reflexivity: the main approaches and perspectives of research]. Psikhologicheskiy zhurnal, 4 (33), 27–37. (in Russian)